In Islam, good deeds are those which are in accordance with Sharه’ah, and which are done sincerely for the sake of Allah. See the detailed answer for some of those good deeds.

Muslims believe that any difficulty that befalls a person, even the prick of a thorn, is an expiation for sins.

There is no Du`a in the Sunnah to say before giving Sadaqah. However, it is permissible for a Muslim to ask Allah to accept the charity or to enable one to spend more in the future. Giving charity before Du`a is considered a form of seeking closeness to Allah through good deeds—and is mentioned by scholars in cases like the rain prayer (Istisqa’).