Praise be to Allaah.
It
is important to note that du’aa’ is an act of worship, and every act
of worship should only be done on the basis of evidence (daleel). The
basic principle here is that the hands should be raised when making
du’aa’, except when the du’aa’ is part of another act of worship, in
which case raising the hands is regarded as an additional action (and
should not be done). Examples of such acts of worship include salaah
(prayer), khutbah (sermon), tawaaf (circumambulation of the Ka’bah),
sa’ee (running between al-Safaa and Marwah), etc. Salaah includes du’aa’
at the beginning of the prayer, in rukoo’ (bowing), when standing up
from rukoo’, in the two sajdahs (prostrations) and in the sitting between
the two prostrations – but whoever raises his hands in these places
is considered to have committed an act of bid’ah (reprehensible innovation).
The same applies to raising the hands when making du’aa’ on the minbar,
except in the case of istisqaa’ (praying for rain). And the same applies
when making du’aa’ when doing tawaaf or sa’ee.
When
there is evidence to show that it is permissible to raise the hands
in certain situation, then there is no dispute. Any du’aa’ which has
not been narrated in a report and which is not part of another act of
worship is regarded as general du’aa’; in this case there is nothing
wrong with raising the hands. It was narrated that the Prophet
(peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him) spoke of a man who raised
his hands to the sky and said, “O Lord, O Lord,” whilst his food was
haraam, his drink was haraam, his clothing was haraam, he had been nourished
with haraam, so how could his du’aa’ be answered?
And
the Prophet (peace and blessings
of Allaah be upon him) said: “Allaah feels shy to let His slave raise
his hands to Him and bring them back empty.” – and other ahaadeeth.
With
regard to raising the hands after a naafil prayer, if that is not a
du’aa’ that is regularly offered, such as when a man is faced with some
emergency, and he calls upon Allaah at that moment, there is nothing
wrong with that. But if he regularly makes du’aa’ and raises his hands
after praying an obligatory prayer, there is no clear daleel to support
doing so.